Cytotam is the brand name for Tamoxifen (often in 10 mg or 20 mg tablets), an anti-estrogen (SERM ‒ Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator) used primarily in breast cancer therapy. Its action involves blocking estrogen receptors in breast tissue to slow or stop the growth of estrogen-dependent breast cancer cells. It’s also used to reduce risk in high-risk patients, and in certain cases to help with disorders of ovulation (infertility). The tablet is taken orally under medical supervision, often over long durations depending on the indication.
Mechanism of Action
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Tamoxifen acts by binding to estrogen receptors (especially ER-α) on cells in breast tissue.
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By doing so, it competes with natural estrogen, blocking estrogen’s effects, which are usually to promote growth and division of certain breast cancer cells.
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In other tissues (e.g., bone, uterus), tamoxifen may act as a partial agonist (i.e. it can mimic estrogen in some respects), which contributes both to its beneficial effects (e.g. on bone) and some side effects.
Uses
Cytotam is prescribed for several important medical uses:
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Treatment of estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancer in both pre- and post-menopausal women, and in men when applicable.
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Adjuvant therapy – after surgery (and often with other treatments) to reduce the risk of cancer recurrence.
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Pre-vention of breast cancer in women at high risk (i.e. those with family history or other risk factors).
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Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) – to reduce risk of progression.
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Infertility related to ovulation failure – in some cases, tamoxifen stimulates ovulation.
Adverse Effects (Side Effects)
Some are common and mild; others are more serious and require monitoring.
Common / Mild Side Effects:
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Hot flashes (flushes)
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Nausea, vomiting
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Fatigue, tiredness
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Headache, dizziness Vaginal symptoms: discharge, bleeding, changes in menstrual periods, vaginal irritation
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Hair thinning or hair loss Fluid retention, leg cramps or aches
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